Why Gender Matters in Climate Security - And What Policy Makers Can Do About It

Emma Hakala and Esther Hodges
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In October 2025, United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1325 - the foundational resolution for the Women, Peace and Security (WPS) agenda - turns 25. In the same year, the Kyoto Protocol turns 20 and the Paris Agreement will be 10 years old. Despite the decades spent progressing the WPS agenda and efforts to tackle climate change, the intersection between climate security and gender remains marginal in the debate on security, conflict and peacebuilding.