As Climate Change Strains Somalia's Path to Peace, Communities Hold the Key

Jul 14, 2022 | International Organization for Migration
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Massive livestock deaths due to drought have been reported across Somalia this year. Herds of cattle – often the only source of income and food for many Somali families – have perished, and farmers are being forced to turn to illicit practices as an alternative livelihood source. One of them is collecting firewood to trade it in the charcoal business.

Charcoal has become a vital livelihood opportunity for some populations in Somalia affected by environmental hardship, displacement, and conflict. Demand for charcoal remains high in Gulf States, and exports from Somalia continue despite the ban imposed by the Government in 2012.

But sourcing firewood for charcoal production can come at a high price for both communities and the environment. The charcoal industry – largely controlled by violent extremist groups – is increasing tensions amongst communities and driving communal conflict. Those looking for firewood often find themselves in disputes with other locals and, at times, it can even result in death.