Participatory Institutions as a Focal Point for Mobilizing: Prior Consultation and Indigenous Conflict in Colombia’s Extractive Industries
Publisher: Comparative Politics
Author(s): Maiah Jaskoski
Date: 2019
Topics: Extractive Resources, Land, Renewable Resources
Countries: Colombia
This article systematically analyzes how the participatory institution “prior consultation” gave Colombian indigenous communities a voice indirectly in five major hydrocarbon and mining conflicts, by creating opportunities to organize around the institution. Mobilized indigenous groups did not express their concerns about extraction within prescribed meetings. Instead, they refused to be consulted, they challenged the lack of or their exclusion from prior consultation, and they preemptively achieved environmental protections. Variation in tactics is explained by (1) the stage of the planned extraction, (2) whether the state initially determined that a community was affected by the extraction, and (3) the degree of unity among affected communities. The article further highlights the role of Colombia’s Constitutional Court in interpreting and weighing the rights that underlie prior consultation procedures.